# Xcode 编译器调试命令(所有)
开发调试必不可少的调试知识
之前使用编译器调试的时候,每次只是用常规的几个调试命令。但是本着折腾的原则,今天把 所有的调试命令
及功能都罗列出来。
语歌 博客
速览表在最后:
下面举例常见比较重要的命令:
再下面有更详细的示范
如果想要了解更多编译器调试的命令: 传送门
接下来看一下常用的调试命令用法:
1.apropos
列出与某个单词或主题相关的调试器命令。 e.g
![appropos](https://user-gold-cdn.xitu.io/2017/6/25/d1abe5e0419ffa5011844ae3076fe992)
### _**2.`breakpoint`**_
看截图文档:
**`(lldb) breakpoint`**
![breakPoint](https://user-gold-cdn.xitu.io/2017/6/25/8ee3e10ff8c21cb3f6ab088e1a7edfbc)
可以简写为 **`br`**
功能非常强大,下面还有详细的**描述**
### _**3.`breakpoint`**_
## 重要
### _**4.print**_
(lldb) print sums可以简写成
(lldb) p sums``
既: **
print** 写成 **
p`**
代码中这样:
var sums = ["0.00","0.00","0.00","0.00"]
调试窗口这样: 结果:
(lldb) print sums
([String]) $R14 = 4 values {
[0] = "0.00"
[1] = "0.00"
[2] = "0.00"
[3] = "0.00"
}
如果你想在命令行打印进制数:
输入参数 | 表示进制 (e.g) |
---|---|
p/x 66 | (x表示16进制)(Int) $R17 = 0x0000000000000042 |
p/t 6 | (t表示2进制)(Int) $R20 = 0b0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000110 |
p/c “s” | (c表示字符)(String) $R24 = “s” |
5.expression
直接改变其值,点击继续运行,运行的结果就是本次赋值后的结果
(lldb) expression sums = ["10.00","0.00","0.00","0.00"]
示例:
更多的用法: 以对象的方式来打印:
其中:
e -o – sums可以写成 **
po```** ,而且作用是等效的。
process
与进程交互的命令,当然是配合其后面的参数来达到相应的目的 执行 (lldb) process help
如下:
举个常见栗子:
continue -- Continue execution of all threads in the current process.
就是继续执行程序,当遇到断点的时候,在 LLDB
中执行就是继续执行程序
thread
与进程交互的命令,当然是配合其后面的参数来达到相应的目的 执行 (lldb) thread help
如下:
其搭配的参数命令执行的作用后面描绘的相当清楚。
这里要重点介绍几个:
* (lldb) thread return
过早的从堆栈中返回,立即执行返回命令,退出当前堆栈。可以伪装一些返回信息等等。从写一些函数的行为等等。
frame
同样是配合其参数完成调试
常用的一条命令:
lldb) frame info
打印出当前: 工程名字-类名字-函数名字-所在的行数
其它的作用参照参数后面的解释
看完上面的命令,接下来看编译器调试的几个 常用按钮
由图中可以看出用于调试的 4
个按钮
第一个
continue
如遇到如图所示,就点击后程序就正常运行,如果有其它断点,就会跳到下一个断点.ps: 点击它与在
LLDB调试框
里面输入(lldb) process continue
作用是一样的。c
作用效果也是一样的第二个
step over
当遇到一个断点暂停后,点击该按钮程序就会一行一行的执行,即使遇到了函数的调用也不会进入函数里面去,而是直接跳过这个函数的执行,如下图: 在115
行打了一个断点,然后点击该按钮,他会执行116
行,再点击后会执行117
行,而不会去执行116
所调用的函数 里面的行。 ps: 在程序当中与该按钮作用相同的LLDB
命令参数是一样的命令是:(lldb) n
(lldb) next
(lldb) thread step-over
作用效果是一样的第三个
step into
.它才是真正意义上的一行一行的执行命令,即使遇到函数的执行,也会跳 进该函数里面去一行一行
的执行代码。就是说你想进入函数里面的时候用它 ps: 在程序当中与该按钮作用相同的LLDB
命令参数是一样的命令是:(lldb) thread step-in
(lldb) step
(lldb) s
第四个
step out
如果你进入了一个函数,运行一两行之后你想跳过该函数就用这个按钮。其实它的运行就是一个 堆栈的结束。
快速查看 Xcode 的所有断点
如图这是通过点击查看工程文件中所有的断点
那么通过 LLDB
命令来查看所有的断点:
(lldb) br list
或者 (lldb) br li
也可以达到相同的目的
在调试器中通过 LLDB
快速创建断点
**使用下面的命令完成了 115行 断点的设定**
(lldb) breakpoint set -f ViewController.swift -l 115
这个时候我们执行 continue
按钮会发现跳到 115行断点了。
我们通过大列表查看 b
其介绍是:
Set a breakpoint using one of several shorthand formats.
设置断点的命令是:
(lldb) b ViewController.swift:127
在127
处设置了断点
Xcode UI 画面上有条件的执行 断点
如图:
由图可看:
第1
步:我们在 line 24
的地方打了一个断点。
第2
步:我们看到标 2
的框框,这里 i==2
表示当 i等于2的时候才会执行这个断点
第3
步:我们看到标 3
的框框,这里表示当执行这个断点的时候,LLDB
会执行 po i
的命令
第4
步:我们看到标 4
的框框,当i为2
的时候执行了断点的打印操作
其中 ignore
表示该断点第几次才会真正执行,比如 设置 ignore
为 2
那么该断点会在第三次调用的时候触发。
那么这里要说明的就是:断点程序会先 比较 函数执行到该断点的 次数。然后 再比较条件 ,条件满足后 执行 LLDB
命令 语句
其中的 +
号可以支持多个 LLDB
命令。
其他的断点条件及执行的命令,依次类推。
Action
后面的更多作用!
如图:
1.AppleScript
苹果的一种脚本语言,可以在此开始运行
2.Capture GPU Frame
Unity游戏
方面的调试。暂时没有研究 😄
3.Debugger Command
相当于在 LLDB
上直接使用命令
4.Log Message
当执行到该断点的时候 LLDB
栏中会直接打印这个 hello
的信息
5.Shell Command
如图:
当执行该断点的时候,电脑会读 Hello world
6.Sound
选择相应的声音遇到该断点会发出相应的声音,也是挺有意思的。
一些 LLDB 及控制台插件,配合插件及脚本开发将大大提高开发效率。
随便打个断点:
命令行输入: (lldb) help
快速查询所以的命令 一览表
命令 | 命令作用描述 |
---|---|
apropos | – List debugger commands related to a word or subject.(列出与某个单词或主题相关的调试器命令。) |
breakpoint | – Commands for operating on breakpoints (see ‘help b’ for shorthand.)(断点的相关操作,详细看下面) |
bugreport | – Commands for creating domain-specific bug reports.(创建某个特点作用域的bug 命令) |
command | – Commands for managing custom LLDB commands. |
disassemble | – Disassemble specified instructions in the current target. Defaults to the current function for the current thread and stack frame. |
expression | – Evaluate an expression on the current thread. Displays any returned value with LLDB’s default formatting.(直接改变其值,点击继续运行) |
frame | – Commands for selecting and examing the current thread’s stack frames.(通过命令来检查当前堆栈的相关信息。结合后面的命令参数) |
gdb-remote | – Connect to a process via remote GDB server. If no host is specifed, localhost is assumed. |
gui | – Switch into the curses based GUI mode. |
help | – Show a list of all debugger commands, or give details about a specific command. |
kdp-remote | – Connect to a process via remote KDP server. If no UDP port is specified, port 41139 is assumed. |
language | – Commands specific to a source language. |
log | – Commands controlling LLDB internal logging. |
memory | – Commands for operating on memory in the current target process. |
platform | – Commands to manage and create platforms. |
plugin | – Commands for managing LLDB plugins. |
process | – Commands for interacting with processes on the current platform.(配合其包含的命令继续执行 执行 process help 即可看到) |
quit | – Quit the LLDB debugger. |
register | – Commands to access registers for the current thread and stack frame. |
script | – Invoke the script interpreter with provided code and display any results. Start the interactive interpreter if no code is supplied. |
settings | – Commands for managing LLDB settings. |
source | – Commands for examining source code described by debug information for the current target process. |
target | – Commands for operating on debugger targets. |
thread | – Commands for operating on one or more threads in the current process.(在当前进程中操作一个或多个线程的命令,结合其下面的参数进行。下面有其搭配参数详细说明) |
type | – Commands for operating on the type system. |
version | – Show the LLDB debugger version.(查看开发语言的版本) |
watchpoint | – Commands for operating on watchpoints. |
add-dsym | – Add a debug symbol file to one of the target’s current modules by specifying a path to a debug symbols file, or using the options to specify a module to download symbols for. |
attach | – Attach to process by ID or name. |
b | – Set a breakpoint using one of several shorthand formats. |
bt | – Show the current thread’s call stack. Any numeric argument displays at most that many frames. The argument ‘all’ displays all threads. |
c | – Continue execution of all threads in the current process. |
call | – Evaluate an expression on the current thread. Displays any returned value with LLDB’s default formatting. |
continue | – Continue execution of all threads in the current process. |
detach | – Detach from the current target process. |
di | – Disassemble specified instructions in the current target. Defaults to the current function for the current thread and stack frame. |
dis | – Disassemble specified instructions in the current target. Defaults to the current function for the current thread and stack frame. |
display | – Evaluate an expression at every stop (see ‘help target stop-hook’.) |
down | – Select a newer stack frame. Defaults to moving one frame, a numeric argument can specify an arbitrary number. |
env | – Shorthand for viewing and setting environment variables. |
exit | – Quit the LLDB debugger. |
f | – Select the current stack frame by index from within the current thread (see ‘thread backtrace’.) |
file | – Create a target using the argument as the main executable. |
image | – Commands for accessing information for one or more target modules. |
j | – Set the program counter to a new address. |
jump | – Set the program counter to a new address. |
kill | – Terminate the current target process. |
l | – List relevant source code using one of several shorthand formats. |
list | – List relevant source code using one of several shorthand formats. |
n | – Source level single step, stepping over calls. Defaults to current thread unless specified.(相当于一行一行的执行函数) |
next | – Source level single step, stepping over calls. Defaults to current thread unless specified.(与 n 的作用几乎一致) |
nexti | – Instruction level single step, stepping over calls. Defaults to current thread unless specified. |
ni | – Instruction level single step, stepping over calls. Defaults to current thread unless specified. |
p | – Evaluate an expression on the current thread. Displays any returned value with LLDB’s default formatting.(可以打印程序中相关参数的值,其属性状态) |
parray | – Evaluate an expression on the current thread. Displays any returned value with LLDB’s default formatting.(与 p 相同) |
po | – Evaluate an expression on the current thread. Displays any returned value with formatting controlled by the type’s author.(与 p 的区别是打印的值所带的参数相对简洁一点) |
poarray | – Evaluate an expression on the current thread. Displays any returned value with LLDB’s default formatting.(与 p 相同) |
– Evaluate an expression on the current thread. Displays any returned value with LLDB’s default formatting.(与 p 相同) | |
q | – Quit the LLDB debugger. |
r | – Launch the executable in the debugger. |
rbreak | – Sets a breakpoint or set of breakpoints in the executable. |
repl | – Evaluate an expression on the current thread. Displays any returned value with LLDB’s default formatting. |
reveal_load_dev | – Evaluate an expression on the current thread. Displays any returned value with LLDB’s default formatting. |
reveal_load_sim | – Evaluate an expression on the current thread. Displays any returned value with LLDB’s default formatting. |
reveal_start | – Evaluate an expression on the current thread. Displays any returned value with LLDB’s default formatting. |
reveal_stop | – Evaluate an expression on the current thread. Displays any returned value with LLDB’s default formatting. |
run | – Launch the executable in the debugger. |
s | – Source level single step, stepping into calls. Defaults to current thread unless specified.(一步一步执行,即使遇到函数也会进入该函数一步一步执行代码) |
si | – Instruction level single step, stepping into calls. Defaults to current thread unless specified. |
sif | – Step through the current block, stopping if you step directly into a function whose name matches the TargetFunctionName. |
step | – Source level single step, stepping into calls. Defaults to current thread unless specified. |
stepi | – Instruction level single step, stepping into calls. Defaults to current thread unless specified. |
t | – Change the currently selected thread. |
tbreak | – Set a one-shot breakpoint using one of several shorthand formats. |
undisplay | – Stop displaying expression at every stop (specified by stop-hook index.) |
up | – Select an older stack frame. Defaults to moving one frame, a numeric argument can specify an arbitrary number. |
x | – Read from the memory of the current target process. |